July 19, 1950. Address to the American People on the Situation in Korea. President Harry Truman speaking The free nations have now made it clear that lawless aggression will be met with force. The free nations have learned the fateful lesson of the 1930's. That lesson is that aggression must be met firmly. Appeasement leads only to further aggression and ultimately to war.
Once again an orphan air-lift touches down in Portland, Oregon bringing in 24 Korean American war wafts for adoption in American homes. The man responsible for these heart warming scenes is Harry Holt of Crestwood, Oregon. His third trip to Portland, Oregon from Korea totals 76. Harry has arranged for homes for all the other homeless waifs of mixed Korean and American blood. A North West Airliner touched down carrying 24 Korean war waifs for adoption. Airport personal carrying the children off the plane. The Godfather of Korean children, Harry Holt. Airline pilot carrying a Korean child with mixed American blood off the plane. An adoptive mother holding her Korean child. Harry Holt and his wife holding Korean children, this might be the eight children they adopted. A new American mother holding a little Korean girl of mixed blood. Harry Holt smiling among the newly adoptive parents and press with a big happy smile on his face.
World War II. Explosions, burning, destruction, devastation.
North Korean pilot Noh Kum Sok arrives in the U.S. where he ll spend a year studying. Last year he received a $100,000 reward for piloting a Russian built MIG to a U.S. airfield. MCUS - Noh Kum Sok disembarking from passenger plane. CUS - Small group of Koreans welcome Kum holding and waving Korean flags. CUS - American dignitary shaking the pilots hand. CUS - Head shot
World War II. Pacific Theater. Soldiers fighting, firing weapons.
Some 3,000 ROK troops disembark from landing craft in Vietnam to reinforce Korean soldiery already active in the war. The Korean fighters are welcomed by U.S. General Westmoreland. Three thousand Korean soldiers disembark from their landing craft. General William Westmoreland welcomes the soldiers. The Korean soldiers continue to troop ashore. Korean soldiers climb aboard a flat bed truck with their riffles in hand, truck pulls away and other trucks follow loaded with Korean troops.
DO NOT USE CU photo of Douglas MacArthur and the title, "MacArthur's War."
On Preview Cassette #93519
Let me recap for a moment and present the incontrovertible evidence that we have. The Korean airliner, a Boeing 747, left Anchorage, Alaska, bound for Seoul, Korea, on a course south and west which would take it across Japan. Out over the Pacific, in international waters, it was for a brief time in the vicinity of one of our reconnaissance planes, an RC - 135, on a routine mission. At no time was the RC - 135 in Soviet airspace. The Korean airliner flew on, and the two planes were soon widely separated. The 747 is equipped with the most modern computerized navigation facilities, but a computer must respond to input provided by human hands. No one will ever know whether a mistake was made in giving the computer the course or whether there was a malfunction. Whichever, the 747 was flying a course further to the west than it was supposed to fly, a course which took it into Soviet airspace. The Soviets tracked this plane for 21/2 hours while it flew a straight-line course at 30 to 35,000 feet. Only civilian airliners fly in such a manner. At one point, the Korean pilot gave Japanese air control his position as east of Hokkaido, Japan, showing that he was unaware they were off course by as much or more than a hundred miles. The Soviets scrambled jet interceptors from a base in Sakhalin Island. Japanese ground sites recorded the interceptor planes' radio transmissions, their conversations with their own ground control. We only have the voices from the pilots; the Soviet ground-to-air transmissions were not recorded. It's plain, however, from the pilot's words that he's responding to orders and queries from his own ground control.
Master 1804 - Tape 1 Operation Tomahawk, part of Operation Courageous, called for U.S. Army 18th Airborne paratroopers to seize landing zones Southeast and Northeast of Munsan-ni, a small town near the Imjin River in Korea. Air to air shots of C-119 carrier planes in flight over treacherous mountains. Aerial shots of misty mountains, countryside, winding roads. Air to air shots of paratroopers deploying from carrier planes, open chutes flooding sky; drop zone, landing zone. Great air to air shots Jeeps being pushed from cargo carrier planes, parachutes opening, equipment descending slowly. Low angle LS C-119 carrier planes in flight, numerous personnel (paratroopers) parachutes filling sky, descending. Rear view MS U.S. Army soldiers-- possibly 8th Army, some w/ radio equipment packs-- standing, watching chutes descend. LS soldiers walking through rice paddy.
MS of American soldiers speaking with young Korean boy in soldier's uniform. Various shots of Korean boy smiling in American soldier's uniform, getting food with soldiers and saluting.
MS of soldier with camera on ground. Various shots of soldier walking with supplies through trees, CU of "Photo Lab Office" sign. CU of Caucasian man working on producing photos. Low-angle shot of planes flying overhead, aerial shots of explosions over rural Korea. Aerial shots of bridge exploding.
Here is a brief segment of the tape which we're going to play in its entirety for the United Nations Security Council tomorrow. [At this point, the tape was played.] Those were the voices of the Soviet pilots. In this tape, the pilot who fired the missile describes his search for what he calls the target. He reports he has it in sight; indeed, he pulls up to within about a mile of the Korean plane, mentions its flashing strobe light and that its navigation lights are on. He then reports he's reducing speed to get behind the airliner, gives his distance from the plane at various points in this maneuver, and finally announces what can only be called the Korean Airline Massacre. He says he has locked on the radar, which aims his missiles, has launched those missiles, the target has been destroyed, and he is breaking off the attack. Let me point out something here having to do with his closeup view of the airliner on what we know was a clear night with a half moon. The 747 has a unique and distinctive silhouette, unlike any other plane in the world. There is no way a pilot could mistake this for anything other than a civilian airliner. And if that isn't enough, let me point out our RC - 135 that I mentioned earlier had been back at its base in Alaska, on the ground for an hour, when the murderous attack took place over the Sea of Japan.
Air Strike: 500 Planes Blast Red Korean Power Plants. "Five hundred planes blast North Korean power plants in one of the massive air assaults of the war. Marine and South Korean units hammer at Red lines." American (?) and Korean soldiers sit in front of a tank, conferring, planning something with help of a map. Various shots of "big guns" (howitzers?) firing. Korean man gives signal to move forward, and tank rolls. Explosions on hillside. Soldiers use flame throwers. Aerial views from planes as they fire on targets below.
White smoke billowing in a valley; large tent erected in remote area. White smoke billowing in remote area. Adult Caucasian soldier looking through binoculars; two soldiers with him.
War Or Peace? Britain, US Strengthen Ties In Korean Crisis As more and more Chinese reds force the U.N. Forces back in retreat, and cut off some units, Britain and the United States act to strengthen their historic ties. While American and British troops fall back in Korea, President Truman and Prime Minister Attlee meet in Washington, to take a stand against any appeasement and to re-affirm the bonds that link. National press club forcefully points up the alliance. River in Korea. MS Manchurian border with a soldier directing the evacuation. MLS Military vehicles driving down a road. CU US soldiers in the back of a flat bed truck waving at the camera. MLS Tug boat pulling refugees in a boat. MLS Korean refugees walking on railroad tracks. MCU Refugees walking on a road and sitting on the sides of the road. In Washington DC: MLS President Truman, Prime Minister Atlee, George C Marshall and Secretary Dean G Acheson. OHS Truman, Atlee, Marshall and Acheson. Prime Minister Atlee at the podium. Prime Minister Atlee Addresses The People: "Our two countries, are two of the leading countries in the United Nation. Now we're engaged in a great adventure The adventure of peace. Believing that if we are going to base peace on a sure foundation, we must resist aggression, we are together with others seeking by our action in Korea to assert the rule of law. While forces are fighting alongside yours and you may be certain that in fair or foul weather, where the stars and stripes fly in Korea the British flag will fly beside you."
Master 1783 - Tape 1 (Audio buzz running throughout) Over the shoulder MSs U.S. Army soldiers watching explosions in distance from cover of trees. Rear view TLS U.S. soldiers marching along path cutting through wooded valley; tilt up to mountain. Rear view MS two U.S. soldiers watching bombing run through binoculars, jet fighter plane screaming across frame. LSs jet fighter flying over Korean village in valley. LSs smoke rising from bombing sites.
Master 1848 - Tape 1 TLSs Dutch Marines (Royal Netherlands Marine Corps) marching with standard flag bearers carrying United Nations and Netherlands flags outside the Hague. MS flag bearer marching with U.N. flag. MS Prime Minister of the Netherlands WILLEM DREES watching parade from steps outside the Hague. CU Netherlands and United Nations insignia patch on sleeve of military uniform. TLS soldiers walking along dock, boarding troop transport ship at Rotterdam. Panning MS Indonesian Marine private boarding liner with gear. TLS/MSs Dutch Marines standing aboard ship with life preserver vests on. MS Dutch Marines joking around, exchanging black berets and exposed shaved heads. MS white women and man waving goodbye to troops from dock. CU white mouse crawling about beret of smiling Dutch Marine wearing the item-- a peculiar mascot, indeed. TLS Dutch Marines gathered together, waving farewell. VO: "Outside the Hague, Dutch troops heading for Korea parade through the city. 630 out of 2,000 who volunteered make up the unit. For the first time in the history of Holland a part of its army marches under a flag other than the Dutch standard. On the reviewing stand, Prime Minister Willem Drees. The U.N. insignia is on every man's sleeve. Among those embarking at Rotterdam are Indonesian veterans. Life preservers are tested before the start of the one-month trip to Pusan. And the departure is enlivened by mutual admiration of haircuts designed for action. A [peculiar mascot is taken along as Holland makes its contribution to the United Nations cause."
Master 1814 - Tape 1 TLS military vehicles on the beach. LS pan of POWs under the watch of U.S. troops. LS small explosion on the beach. LS military transport ship on shore, military vehicles are being unloaded onto the beach. Great TLS of Navy Seal in swim trunks and flippers slipping off a fast moving speed boat to a rubber raft (Underwater Demolition Team, UDT). LS pan of beach with military vehicles and an explosion. LS soldiers running along the beach toward camera, small boats are out on the water. MS Navy Seal bobbing along in the water and grapping his bag that is floating by. LSs beach with several small mine explosions.
Master 1814 - Tape 1 Several LS/TLSs of amphibious tanks (Amtrac) moving onto shore and over beach.
Master 1814 - Tape 1 LSs Fleet of amphibious tanks (Amtrac) moving from water to shore. LS transport ships in shallow water, military men walk through water to beach. TLS/LSs soldiers carrying thier bags as they walk through shallow water from transport ship to beach. LS military vehicales arriving on beach from water. LS beach with military vehicals. LS beach shore wilth military ships in shallow water. LS military transport ships moving through the water. TLS transport ship in shallow water, a tank is being moved from ship to shore.
President Harry Truman speaking to Congress.
Panning shot of the 38th parallel in Korea. Barbed wire along the border. High shots of mountains.
United States soldiers marching. John Foster Dulles walking with officials on a visit to Korea.